ASM 관리 - RAC 환경

1. ASM 접속

 - 접속 가능 OS 사용자 : asmdba 그룹에 속하는 사용자

 - 환경 변수 설정

  ORACLE_HOME=<grid_home>

  ORACLE_SID=asm_sid

1. sqlplus 명령어 접속 shell> id uid=2000(oracle) gid=2000(oinstall) groups=2000(oinstall),2001(dba),2002(asmdba),2003(asmoper),2004(oper),2005(asmadmin) shell> export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/grid shell> export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1 shell> sqlplus / as sysdba SQL> asmcmd 명령어 접속 shell> asmcmd ASMCMD>

2. 디스크 그룹 확인

 2.1 ASMCMD 명령어

 ASMCMD> lsdg

 2.2 sqlplus 명령어(v$asm_diskgroup 뷰)

SQL> select NAME, TOTAL_MB, FREE_MB from v$asm_diskgroup ; NAME         TOTAL_MB    FREE_MB ---------- ---------- ---------- DATA            40928        244 SQL>

 

3. 디스크 정보 확인( v$asm_disk 뷰)

SQL> select GROUP_NUMBER, NAME ,PATH, TOTAL_MB,Free_MB,VOTING_FILE from v$asm_disk ; GROUP_NUMBER NAME       PATH                                TOTAL_MB    FREE_MB  VOT ------------ ---------- ----------------------------------- -------- ----------            1 ASM5       /dev/oracleasm/disks/ASM5               5116         36 N            1 ASM6       /dev/oracleasm/disks/ASM6               5116         32 N            1 ASM7       /dev/oracleasm/disks/ASM7               5116         32 N            1 ASM8       /dev/oracleasm/disks/ASM8               5116         16 N            1 ASM4       /dev/oracleasm/disks/ASM4               5116          0  Y    => Voting Disk            1 ASM3       /dev/oracleasm/disks/ASM3               5116         20 N            1 ASM2       /dev/oracleasm/disks/ASM2               5116         44 N            1 ASM1       /dev/oracleasm/disks/ASM1               5116         64 N 8 rows selected. SQL>

** ASM 디스크를 물리적 디스크와 매핑

shell> oracleasm querydisk -d ASM2 Disk "ASM2" is a valid ASM disk on device [8,33]      => 디스크 메이저,마이너 번호 확인 shell> ls -l /dev | grep 8, | grep 33 brw-rw----  1 root    disk      8,  33 12월 12 18:17 sdc1

 

4. 디스크 그룹에 디스크 추가

 4.1 물리적 디스크를 ASMLib 디스크로 변환

[root@rac1 ~]# oracleasm createdisk ASM9 /dev/sdo => 파티션이 되어있지 않을 경우 오류가 발생 Device "/dev/sdo" is not a partition [root@rac1 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdo => 디스크  파티션 생성 Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2). Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. Be careful before using the write command. Device does not contain a recognized partition table Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xdc5a747f. Command (m for help): n Partition type:    p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)    e   extended Select (default p): p Partition number (1-4, default 1): Enter First sector (2048-10485759, default 2048):  Enter Using default value 2048 Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-10485759, default 10485759): Using default value 10485759 Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 5 GiB is set Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Syncing disks. [root@rac1 ~]# oracleasm createdisk ASM9 /dev/sdo1  => ASMLib 사용을 위한 디바이스 할당 Writing disk header: done Instantiating disk: done [root@rac1 ~]# [root@rac2 disks]# oracleasm scandisks => Node2 에서 변경된 ASMLib Disk 스캔 Reloading disk partitions: done Cleaning any stale ASM disks... Scanning system for ASM disks... Instantiating disk "ASM9" [root@rac2 disks]# [root@rac1 ~]# oracleasm deletedisk ASM9  => OS에 디바이스 반환(ASMLib 에서 제거) Clearing disk header: done Dropping disk: done [root@rac1 ~]#

 4.2 디스크 그룹에 디스크 추가

[oracle@rac1 ~]$ asmcmd ASMCMD> lsop   =>  현재 진행중인 작업 확인 Group_Name  Pass       State  Power  EST_WORK  EST_RATE  EST_TIME ASMCMD>exit [oracle@rac1 disks]$ export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/grid [oracle@rac1 disks]$ export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1 [oracle@rac1 disks]$ sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on 목 12월 12 21:50:59 2019 Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production SQL> SQL> select group_number, name, mount_status, path, total_mb from v$asm_disk where mount_status='CLOSED'; GROUP_NUMBER NAME  MOUNT_STATUS    PATH                             TOTAL_MB ------------ ----- --------------- ------------------------------ ----------            0       CLOSED          /dev/oracleasm/disks/ASM9               0 SQL> ALTER DISKGROUP data ADD DISK '/dev/oracleasm/disks/ASM9' REVALANCE POWER 5 ; Diskgroup altered. SQL> 모니터링 : asmcmd 에서 lsop 명령어로 진행사항 모니터링  ASMCMD> lsop => 초기 시작 Group_Name  Pass       State  Power  EST_WORK  EST_RATE  EST_TIME DATA        COMPACT    WAIT   5      0         0         0 DATA        REBUILD    WAIT   5      0         0         0 DATA        REBALANCE  WAIT   5      0         0         0 ASMCMD> lsop => 진행중 Group_Name  Pass       State  Power  EST_WORK  EST_RATE  EST_TIME DATA        COMPACT    WAIT   5      0         0         0 DATA        REBUILD    DONE   5      0         0         0 DATA        REBALANCE  RUN    5      1129      13325     0 ASMCMD> lsop  => 완료 Group_Name  Pass       State  Power  EST_WORK  EST_RATE  EST_TIME ASMCMD> - 디스크 추가 및 REVALANCE 후 FREE_MB가 골고루 분산되어 표시됨을 알수 있다 SQL> select GROUP_NUMBER, NAME ,PATH, TOTAL_MB,Free_MB from v$asm_disk ; GROUP_NUMBER NAME    PATH                                  TOTAL_MB    FREE_MB ------------ ------- ----------------------------------- ---------- ----------            1 ASM8    /dev/oracleasm/disks/ASM8                 5116        596            1 ASM7    /dev/oracleasm/disks/ASM7                 5116        600            1 ASM6    /dev/oracleasm/disks/ASM6                 5116        596            1 ASM5    /dev/oracleasm/disks/ASM5                 5116        596            1 ASM4    /dev/oracleasm/disks/ASM4                 5116        564            1 ASM3    /dev/oracleasm/disks/ASM3                 5116        596            1 ASM2    /dev/oracleasm/disks/ASM2                 5116        596            1 ASM1    /dev/oracleasm/disks/ASM1                 5116        596            1 ASM9    /dev/oracleasm/disks/ASM9                 5116        608 => 추가 디스크 9 rows selected. SQL>

 

5. ASM 을 사용하는 클라이언트(인스턴스) 모니터링( v$asm_client 뷰)

SQL> select instance_name,db_name,cluster_name,status from v$asm_client ; INSTANCE_NAME   DB_NAME                  CLUSTER_NAME    STATUS --------------- ------------------------ --------------- ------------ +ASM1           +ASM                     rac-cluster     CONNECTED -MGMTDB         _mgmtdb                  rac-cluster     CONNECTED rac1.hoya.com   _OCR                     rac-cluster     CONNECTED shell> crsctl start database -d linrac    => 데이타베이스 구동 shell> sqlplus / as sysdba SQL> select instance_name,db_name,cluster_name,status from v$asm_client ; INSTANCE_NAME   DB_NAME         CLUSTER_NAME    STATUS --------------- --------------- --------------- -------------------- +ASM1           +ASM            rac-cluster     CONNECTED -MGMTDB         _mgmtdb         rac-cluster     CONNECTED linrac1         linrac          rac-cluster     CONNECTED rac1.hoya.com   _OCR            rac-cluster     CONNECTED SQL>

 

6. ASM 관련 뷰

- v$asm_file : ASM내부에 생성된 파일에 대한 정보

- v$asm_template : 디스크 그룹에 설정된 템플릿 정보

- v$asm_alias : 그룹의 alias 정보

- v$asm_operation : ASM 인스턴스상에서 실행되는 작업의 현황